Mosquito responses to lethal and nonlethal effects of predation and an insect growth regulator

Lethal and nonlethal effects of predation are likely to impact phenotypic traits potential prey that elude capture. Nonlethal on can include alterations in behavior or morphology response risk which may impair growth fitness. The application pesticide mosquito control during aquatic stages interact with stress alter density prey. Insect regulator (IGR) pyriproxyfen is a mainly prevents pupal-adult metamorphosis by mimicking juvenile hormone, whereas the larval stage not targeted. use IGR therefore act conjunction natural predators target affect population In this study, we assessed invasive Aedes aegypti responses lethal combination predatory larvae Toxorhynchites rutilus. Tx. rutilus heavily lowered Ae. adulthood more than independent Exposing shortened life span adults after for both males females, numerical reduction “removals” treatments lengthened span. Our results show strong outcomes aegypti. These findings suggest an additional benefit, decreases adult span, when combined predator mosquitoes be exploited improve strategies reduce disease transmission.